Student Manual | ![]() This experiment demonstrates the dynamics of water owing out of a tank. Using the rate change of mass for an emptying cylinder, we investigate the application of Bernoulli's equation and the resulting Torricelli's theorem. We also observe the effects of constriction on the parcel of water owing out of the tank. Students will investigate fluid dynamics, pressure and will relish how a phenomena as simple as water coming out from a tank can lead to rich dynamics that can be explored mathematically. |
Software Code | Sample Matlab script for analysis of discharge dynamicsMATLAB Code 2021 |
Sample Results | Sample results 2021Dynamics of water discharge showing various quantities |
Experiment Code | 1.18B |
Version | 2020-v1 |
Further Readings and References
- Pinhole water-flow from cylindrical bottlesPhysics Education, P.M.C. de Oliviera, A. Delfino, E.V. Costa, C.A.F. Liete, 35, 110, (2000).
Pictorial Procedure
- Step 1- Place the cylinder on the PhysLoad
- Step 2- Place the pipeline guide in line with the orifice.
- Step 3- Connect the PhysLoad to the PhysLogger.
- Step 4- Attach PhysLogger to the PC via micro-USB cable.
- Step 5- Start the application, select PhysLogger and continue.
- Step 6- Go to Measure > Force and proceed.
- Step 6- Go to Measure > Force and proceed.
- Step 7- Adjust sampling frequency to 0.2 Hz.
- Step 8- Use the tare button to tare the weight of the cylinder.
- Step 9- Recorded data will show on the PhysLogger interface.
- Step 10- Export the data.