Analyzing reciprocating motion: The geometry of physics - PhysLab

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Analyzing reciprocating motion: The geometry of physics

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Student Manual

Rotating motion is converted into translational motion (or vice-versa) in numerous mechanical devices. The most common place is the petrol engines. The piston compresses the air and fuel mixture where a spark is generated igniting the fuel. The mixtures expand and push the piston back such that it can do work on the crankshaft. The cycle then repeats itself, producing a steady flow of work in the form of the rotational kinetic energy of crankshaft. The mechanical mechanism of the engine is exactly identical to our experimental setting, however in our setting the conversion of energy is in the other direction. In this experiment, we analyze the motion of a similar reciprocating mechanical system made by a simple rotating wheel and a metal shaft. We will also investigate how the length of various components affects the rotatory motion and how the geometry of the system is apparent in the visual representation of the variables of motion of the system. In fact, the observed data in this experiment can only be described by a careful analysis of the geometrical structure of the problem.

Associated Research Story: Najeha Rashid from Physics Project Lab 2019.

Sample Results Sample results for 20V with curves fitted.
Experiment Code 1.30
Version January 21, 2020 Version 2019-1

Further Readings and References

  • In Praise of Simple Physics: The Science and Mathematics behind Everyday Questions
    Princeton University Press, Paul J. Nahin, (2016).
  • Analyzing reciprocating motion: Shaft attached to a rotating wheel
    Physlab, Najeha Rashid and Muhammad Sabieh Anwar, .
  • Gasoline Engine
    Britannica Online Encyclopedia, Orville C. Cromer and Charles Lafayette Proctor., .

Pictorial Procedure


Lab 1 | Tags: mechanics
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  • Academics
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    • Lab-I (ENGG-100/PHY-100/200)
    • Lab-II (PHY 300/500)
    • AstroLAB
    • Ibn Sahl Corner for Optics
    • Fast Optics
    • Smart Physics
    • Single Photon Quantum Mechanics Lab
    • Chasing Cosmic Ray Muons at Physlab
    • Stories
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    • Research Stories
    • Class Activities
    • Courses Taught
    • Class Demonstrations
    • PhysDiary
    • Health and Safety
    • Lab Safety
    • Workplace Organization
  • Research
    • Research Themes
    • Research Internships
    • Research Stories
    • Physics WorldCup
      • International Young Physicists’ Tournament (IYPT) 2019
      • International Young Physicists’ Tournament (IYPT) 2018
      • International Young Physicists’ Tournament (IYPT) 2016
    • Hunerkada
    • Grants
    • Theses and Reports
    • Scientific Publications
    • Invited Talks (Selected)
  • Outreach
    • Media
      • Lectures, Podcasts and Interviews
      • Videobytes
      • YouTube Channel
      • Visitors
      • Testimonials
    • The Scientific Mind Through the Eyes of a Physics Experimenter
    • National Laboratory Immersion Program
      • First Lahore 2012
      • Second Sukkur 2013
      • Third Lahore 2014
      • Fourth Lahore 2016
    • Labview Workshop 2016
    • Open house
      • 2009-2015
      • Open house 2023
    • Khwarizmi Science Society
    • Helping Pakistan’s Universities
      • National University of Technology (NUTECH) 2019
      • Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences
        (PIEAS) 2019 (Final Phase)
      • Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences
        (PIEAS) 2019 (Phase 2)
      • Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences
        (PIEAS) 2018 (Phase 1)
      • National University of Science & Technology 2016
      • Habib University 2014
      • Preston University 2013
      • Ghulam Ishaque Khan Institute of
        Engineering Sciences and Technology 2011
      • Institute of Space Technology 2010
    • The National STEM School
      • STEM School (2018 – 2019)
      • STEM school (2016 – 2017)
    • Abdus Salam Memorial Lecture Series
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