Exploration of Electronic Chaos: A Study of Nonlinear Dynamics and Chua’s Circuit
This report presents an experimental exploration of electronic chaos. Through mathematical modeling and the practical implementation of Chua’s circuit, the
Tracking the Moon’s Altitude with a Quadrant and Triquetrum
Centuries before the telescope, astronomers fixed the positions of celestial objects with nothing more than a weighted string, a sighted
Building a Czerny-Turner optical spectrometer
This project presents the design, construction, and quantitative characterization of a custom asymmetric Czerny–Turner (CT) optical spectrometer for studying the
A do-it-yourself potentiostat for cyclic voltammetry
Scientific advancement in electrochemistry is often hindered by the high cost of commercial instrumentation, which frequently exceeds PKR 3
Measuring solar altitude using medieval instruments
Historical astronomical instruments, such as the quadrant and the triquetrum, were integral to the development of observational astronomy from the
Interrupting the swing of a pendulum
Small pendulum swings are supposed to be isochronous. But what if you interrupt the swing with a peg positioned off-center?
Interacting magnets in a vertical tube
This study investigates the physics of magnetic repulsion by moving beyond qualitative observation to quantitative measurement. We analyze the interaction
Sphere rolling down an inclined plane
Rolling motion on an inclined plane is commonly introduced using an idealized model that assumes rigid bodies, negligible air resistance,





